Imaging of mouse hippocampal slice cultures from transgenic mice that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) under an axonal promotor showed that addition of recombinant LCN2 reduced the total number of spines, and treatment with anti-LCN2 rescued Aβ mediated spine loss, suggesting that increased LCN2 expression by AD astrocytes negatively affects synapse number (Maysinger et al., 2017). Here, LCN2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.