In our study, type 2 diabetic patients with GLP-1 showed a decrease in BMI, an increase in Bacteroides levels, and a negative correlation with NO levels, suggesting that the use of GLP-1 in type 2 diabetic patients may alter the gut microbiota of patients, and that GLP-1 may exert vascular endothelial protective effects by increasing the levels of fecal Bacteroides in type 2 diabetic patients, regulating their body weight, causing a decrease in their BMI levels, and downregulating their NO levels, thereby inhibiting the production and effects on other vasoactive factors. This evidence concerns the gene GCG and type 2 diabetes mellitus.