Thus, this synthetic lethality model has led to the development of multiple PARP inhibitors which are now approved to treat several different cancers, most effective in patients with germline BRCA alterations (Bryant et al., 2005; Farmer et al., 2005; Audeh et al., 2010; Tutt et al., 2010; Gelmon et al., 2011; Kaye et al., 2012; Mateo et al., 2016; de Bono et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene PARP1 and cancer.