INS and Hyperglycemia: Other authors suggest a series of physiopathological mechanisms common to both conditions, inducing us to consider the existence of a biological link between the two conditions: ranging from the effects produced by the circulating cytokines associated with autoimmune diabetes to the effects of a lack of insulin on neurogenesis and the neurotransmitter metabolism, to chronic hyperglycemia, iatrogenic hyperglycemia, and basal hyperactivity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (37).