IL1B and Cognitive impairment: Li Y. et al. (2020) applied drugs (FSK and STZ) to mimic tau protein hyperphosphorylation in mice brain, and then confirmed that inhibiting caspase-1 alleviated cognitive disorder and neuron damage; nevertheless, directly inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation by lithium chloride reduced caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 expression, and blocked pyroptosis. In vitro studies showed that using specific blocker to inhibit neuropyroptosis improved tau pathology (Sui et al., 2021).