These ligand‐RAGE interactions are primarily involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease), rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic renal failure (Basta, 2008; Hofmann et al., 2002; Ramasamy et al., 2005; Rong et al., 2005; Schmidt et al., 1999; Schmidt et al., 2001; Taguchi et al., 2000; Tanji et al., 2000). Here, AGER is linked to diabetes mellitus.