In a model including age, sex, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart rate, LVEF, serum haemoglobin, and albumin (which were all associated with dosing of beta-blocker), each mg equivalent dose of bisoprolol was associated with incremental reductions in all-cause mortality risk in HFmrEF (HR 0.95 (95% CI 0.91–1.00); p = 0.047). Here, ALB is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.