CD4 and viral infectious disease: Quiescent lymphoid CD4 T cells die by caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis with the release of IL-1β. The role of Nod-Like-Receptor (NLR) during viral infection has been discovered, while the effect of GSDMD in this remains to be verified. Latest research elucidated that HIV-1 protease can induce the cleavage of CARD8 to activate the inflammasome formation and GSDMD-related pyroptosis.