In MCF7 cells, the methanolic extract of N. Sativa resulted in a significant increase in the expression of apoptotic factors such as caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and the p53 tumor protein, implying that N. sativa's anti-cancer activity is mediated through the p53 and caspase signaling pathways (143). Here, TP53 is linked to cancer.