H2S inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress, reduced the expression of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), NOD like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), and caspase-1, improved the renal function and renal histopathological changes, and alleviated kidney injury in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) [46]. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and acute kidney injury.