As outlined in Fig. 1, the datasets used in the study are divided into three major types of sources: (a) datasets from leukemia patients, TCGA_LAML for initial discovery while Beat_AML, KI_AML, Leucengene_AML and UHN_AML for validation; (b) datasets from mouse AML models (Tet2-KO; Tet3-KO, Tet2-KO;Flt3-ITD, Tet2-KO; Ins2Akita/+); and (c) datasets from healthy and other leukemic donors, including both pooled samples and single cell samples. The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is leukemia.