CBL and Autoimmunity: Alterations in molecules that negatively regulate TCR signalling, such as Cbl- (Casitas B-lineage lymphoma-) family proteins, and alterations in the phos-phatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, an T-cell signalling that is associated with survival, have been shown to play a role in promoting autoimmune disorders [24].