Genetic sequencing allowed us to detect two novel heterozygous pathogenic variants, causative of diabetes, in two unrelated probands: the frameshift variant c.617_618insA in Neurogenic Differentiation 1 gene (NEUROD1) exon 2 (patient 13) and the missense change c.116T>C in Insulin gene (INS) exon 2 (patient 19) (Supplementary Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene NEUROD1 and diabetes mellitus.