TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: (19) concluded that their large observational and Mendelian randomization study, which analyzed the associations between 25(OH)D, BMI, and 16 inflammatory biomarkers (including IL-17, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and hs-CRP), considered together with data from review of randomized controlled trials, did not confirm the beneficial role of vitamin D supplementation in obesity-related inflammation.