TNFRSF1A and pneumonia: To further investigate TNFRSF1A inhibition as protective for pneumonia given the existence of an inhibitor antibody with preliminary testing for use in respiratory medicine; a phenome-wide causal estimate (Mendelian randomisation) of genetically proxied TNFRSF1A expression was obtained using effect sizes from the IEUGWAS database (MR-PheWAS, Online Methods, Supplementary Data 6 and 7, Fig. 2c).