SDC1 and neoplasm: After the exclusion of patients that either had allogeneic stem cell transplants (allo-SCT), or had low tumor purity (<20%) following CD138 + selection, we compiled a cohort of 511 RRMM patients with comprehensive 1700-gene tumor/normal DNA sequencing and whole transcriptome sequencing7–10 for integrative analyses (Supplementary Fig. 1a and Supplementary Data 1).