A role for DHX34 in inherited acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) was initially suggested by the presence of heterozygous mutations in DHX34 in four families affected with this blood disorder, which affected its role in NMD (Rio-Machin et al. 2020), It was recently shown that another way of inactivating DHX34, beyond mutations, is by changes in alternative splicing coupled to NMD (AS-NMD) (Rivera et al. 2021). This evidence concerns the gene DHX34 and acute myeloid leukemia.