CA9 and melanoma: It has been amply demonstrated in several cell lines (melanoma, gastric, breast, oral, cervical, bladder, glioblastoma, pancreatic, hepatocellular, and colorectal cancer)17–21 and in xenograft tumours in vivo22,23 that selective CA IX and XII inhibitors can impair CA IX activity, triggering thus apoptosis and ferroptosis.23