CDC42 and Familial prostate cancer: We have reported that CNF1 accelerates prostate cancer progression through activating the Cdc42-PAK1 axis, induces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis through the RhoC-HSF1-HSP90α-HIF1α axis, and downregulates CD36 mediated phagocytosis through the Cdc42-LXRβ axis (8, 12, 13).