VEGFA and fibrosis: In our study, based on 176,052 cataract operations performed during the years 2010 to 2016 in Finland, the use of topical NSAID (ketorolac) was associated with a 70% (40–85%) reduced incidence rate of intravitreal anti-VEGF injection to treat postoperative ME and a 41% (19–57%) reduced incidence rate of Nd:YAG-laser to treat PCO or fibrosis after cataract surgery.