RUNX1 and acute myeloid leukemia: Importantly, these studies have shown that mutated RUNX1 can be used as an independent prognostic factor for event-free survival (EFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), or overall survival (OS) in hematological malignancies [37]. Therefore, AML patients with RUNX1 mutations had worse prognosis, resistance to chemotherapy, and inferior EFS, RFS, and OS.