TNF and infection: As KEGG pathway analyses showed, upregulated genes were found to be enriched in infection-related pathways such as the IL-17 signaling pathway, S. aureus infection, and TNF signaling pathway (Fig. 3D), whereas downregulated genes were found to be enriched in the Phospholipase D signaling and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathways (Fig. 3E), indicating an intense inflammatory response and inhibition of wound recovery.