Additionally, mutations in ATG7 or ATG5 have been identified in neuronal pathologies such as Huntington’s disease and Parkinson’s disease83–86, further supporting the notion that ASM upon defective mATG8 lipidation may play a role in promoting cGAS–STING-dependent neuroinflammation and contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, ATG5 is linked to juvenile Huntington disease.