In contrast to the data derived from TMφ and SAEC, stimulation of SAF with IL-36γ induced a large and significant increase in the release of CXCL8, IL-6, CXCL1, and GM-CSF (Figure 6, A–D), with no difference between control and COPD cells. Here, CXCL1 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.