The results showed that in CSCC tissues, the positive expression rate of CHI3L1 was significantly correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, degree of differentiation, vascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05), but not with the patient's age, tumor diameter, gross type, and FIGO stage (all P > 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene CHI3L1 and neoplasm.