Our cohousing and bacteria-transfer experiments collectively demonstrate that dysbiosis and exacerbated colitis caused by the loss of TLR4 can be partially reversed by transferring gut microbiota from WT mice, further supporting our conclusion that TLR4 is functionally important for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and that its deficiency shapes a transmissible, disease-predisposing intestinal microflora. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is colitis.