Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that of the two vital COPD-related cytokines that we analyzed (CXCL8 and IL-6), only the budesonide-containing treatments, namely, the BF and BGF treatments, could notably reverse the TNFα-induced increases in cytokine expression level (Fig. 7A, B). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.