Principal component analysis (PCA) did not reveal a clear separation between UC and non-IBD derived monolayers in both non-inflamed and inflamed conditions, but displayed respectively 31 and 118 differentially expressed genes including IBD related characteristics (e.g. HLA-G, TNFRSF12A, CLDN1, MUC2) (Supplementary Figure 2A-D). This evidence concerns the gene CLDN1 and inflammatory bowel disease.