It is noteworthy to note that increased pericyte coverage in the co-opted blood vessels supports survival of ECs under anti-angiogenic therapy by promoting an autocrine VEGF-A signaling and consequently, vessel co-option was previously noted as an indicator of poor clinical response to anti-angiogenic therapy in many cancers including breast, colorectal, lung and pancreatic cancer, GBM, melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma (12). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is glioblastoma.