Stratification of HTX recipients with pre-transplant T2DM showed no statistically significant difference in 5-year survival between patients with and without insulin therapy (P = 0.243) but patients with pre-transplant T2DM and a HbA1c < 7.0% had a significantly better 5-year survival than patients with a HbA1c ≥ 7.0% (P = 0.008). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.