VAPB and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Several studies have reported that overexpression of VAPB P56S induces the formation of insoluble cytosolic aggregates in neuronal and non-neuronal cells (Nishimura et al., 2004b; Kanekura et al., 2006; Teuling et al., 2007), in culture as well as in transgenic mice and Drosophila ALS models (Chai et al., 2008; Ratnaparkhi et al., 2008; Qiu et al., 2013).