TNF and scleritis: It has been proven that increases in IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 play a key role in the pathogenesis of scleritis and that biological agents such as antitumor necrosis factor agents and interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 inhibitors control scleral inflammation either in an idiopathic manner or in a background of immune-mediated systemic disorders (Sota et al., 2021).