For example, serum from PD patients exhibits increased caspase-1 levels, indicating involvement of inflammasome-related processes (Wijeyekoon et al., 2020), and increased levels of inflammatory cytokines have also been observed in the serum of PD subjects (Brodacki et al., 2008; Reale et al., 2009; Koziorowski et al., 2012; Dursun et al., 2015; Kustrimovic et al., 2016; Qin et al., 2016). The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is Parkinson disease.