Furthermore, the univariate Cox regression analysis of the three cohorts showed that GAP, risk score, and the six genes (CCL2, CCL7, HS3ST1, MRVI1, TM4SF1, and TPST1) were related to the poor prognosis of IPF individuals (HR > 1, p < 0.05; Figure 5A). Here, TM4SF1 is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.