By treating D-galactose-induced cognitive impairment with the low-dose (10%) and high-dose (50%) drug-containing serum of the Yisui multipurpose soup, the expressions of inflammatory factors TNF-α, iNOS, NO, IL-1β, and proapoptotic protein Bax were decreased; the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was increased, indicating that the Yisui multipurpose soup effectively protected neuronal cells and reduced the inducing effect of D-galactose on cell apoptosis and the content of inflammatory factors in the cell. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Cognitive impairment.