HIF1A and colitis: As shown in Figure 1C, Involvement of ICA and several pathways related to oxidative stress, such as PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway (Chen et al., 2016; Glover et al., 2016; Sears and Broihier, 2016; Sreekumar and Kannan, 2020; Zhang et al., 2020), suggesting that ICA may reduce oxidative stress, which is good for the treatment of colitis.