SFN has been shown to limit the total activation and global protein level of HDAC1-4, as well as directly enhance the nuclear translocation of NRF2 and, as a result, upregulate cellular defense enzymes HO-1 and NQO1, acting as an anti-cancer agent against neoplastic transformation of mouse skin JB6 P+ cells (Su et al., 2014). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is cancer.