Numbers of research has revealed that 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza) treatment demethylated the CpG sites in the KEAP1 promoter region, synergistically contributing to KEAP1 overexpression, NRF2 degradation and inactivation of various relevant signal pathways (Wang et al., 2008b; Guo et al., 2015c; Gao et al., 2019), which were related to enhanced survival and reduced lymph node metastasis of NSCLC patients (Chien et al., 2015). Here, KEAP1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.