To investigate into the effect of phosphorylation of FUS by CK1δ or CK1ε on FUS-mediated neurodegeneration, we utilized tg D. melanogaster–overexpressing human wt or P525L ALS-linked mutant FUS (FUS wt or P525L tg flies, respectively) we previously established using a GAL4-UAS system, which exhibit neurodegeneration in the retinal photoreceptor neurons (28). The gene discussed is FUS; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.