RNASE4 and Familial prostate cancer: For this purpose, we first compared levels of RNASE4 protein in the plasma of prostate cancer patients of various clinical characteristics (Supplementary Table 8), and found that RNASE4 was positively correlated with surgical T-stage, clinical stage, biopsy grade, and surgical Gleason scores of prostate cancer patients (Fig. 2a–d), indicating that RNASE4 is associated with clinical characteristics of poor prognosis and high risk of metastasis.