In a study that examined the association between obesity and DNA methylation in NHB and NHW women diagnosed with breast cancer, the authors detected interactions with ER status (PSMB1, QSOX1, and PHF1) and race (TOMM20) among the top 20 obesity-associated CpG cites. This evidence concerns the gene PSMB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.