Overexpression of SIRT1 can alleviate ischemia–reperfusion injury in rat myocardium.97,98 SIRT2 promotes cell apoptosis in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury by deacetylating Forkhead box O3A (FOXO3A).99 SIRT3 can inhibit reperfusion injury by deacetylation of cyclophilin D and prevent the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, resulting in cell death.100 In addition, in rat models of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury, HDAC6 reduces the activity of peroxyredoxin 1 by deacetylating its K197 site. This evidence concerns the gene FOXO3 and myocardial ischemia.