Therefore, this study aims to: (1) assess the prevalence of DEBs (including frequency of insulin misuse, IM) in a large Italian pediatric population; (2) explore potential demographic (gender, age, socioeconomic status [SES]), clinical quality of metabolic control, diabetes duration, type of insulin therapy, carb counting) and psychological differences (emotional and behavioral problems) among adolescents with and without DEBs, with and without IM. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.