AR inhibitors (bicalutamide, flutamide, and nilutamide),114–120 which bind to the LBD of AR and result in the inhibition of androgen binding to LBD, reduce the serum level of PSA (encoded by the KLK3 gene) and alleviate symptoms in PCa patients.106 Recently, several novel AR inhibitors have been developed and used in clinical settings (Table 2). Here, KLK3 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.