TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Furthermore, IBD mice injected with lentiviral plasmids carrying miR-146b agomir showed lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-23 (Fig. 6F), and biomarkers (NOS2, TLR2 and CD86) concerning M1 macrophage polarization, in comparison with NC-agomir group (Fig. 6G).