Four variants are in the EDAR gene associated with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (83 ancient samples in total), one in the F11 gene associated factor XI deficiency, a rare bleeding disorder (in 4 samples), one in the НВВ gene, associated with beta thalassemia, one in the SLC12A6 gene causing Andermann syndrome (in 8 samples), and one variant in one sample in the MAOA gene, associated with mild intellectual disability and behavioral problems. The gene discussed is EDAR; the disease is beta thalassemia.