Type II diabetes isa major health problem affecting about 500million people worldwide.1,2 This disease is characterizedby insulin resistance and dysfunction of the insulin-producing β-cellsin the pancreas.3,4 A key histopathological hallmarkof type II diabetes is the presence of fibrillar deposits formed byislet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a 37 amino acid-long hormone withvarious functions that is co-secreted with insulin from the β-cells.The process of fibril formation by IAPP is thought to damage the membranesof the β-cells, ultimately causing cell death.5,6. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.