In opposition to our hypothesis of reduced DAT linked to HAND, an increase in the expression of DAT mRNA has been associated with the DAT VNTR 10/10 genotype (Heinz et al., 2000; Mill et al., 2002; VanNess, Owens and Kilts, 2005). The gene discussed is SLC6A3; the disease is HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.