Consistent with this proposal, preclinical studies indicated that Artemisinin improved neuronal functions in Alzheimer's disease animal model 3xTg mice and neuronal cells via stimulating the ERK/CREB signaling pathway [62] while Artesunate promoted the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells by activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway [180]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.