TLR4 and neoplasm: Other ICI combinations have been reported, including one developed by Jeong and colleagues that was based on a novel TLR4 agonist, aqueous-formulated E. coli-derived MPLA (EcML-AF), with robust adjuvanticity that boosted the efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment with elevated motivated tumor-specific CTLs in the B16F10-OVA models [161].