The findings of the present study demonstrate the novel information that the anti-obesity effect of PMQ is related to an increased irisin secretion from skeletal muscle, thereby promoting brown-like adipocytes formation in WAT, at least in part via activating the AMPK/PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway (Figure 8), which mimics the effects of exercise. Here, PPARGC1A is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.